Junko Yamamoto MArch ’17 Selected as Featured Artist at Nakanojo Biennale 2023
Junko Yamamoto MArch ’17, a founding principal of iVY, was selected to exhibit her installation work at Nakanojo Biennale 2023, an International Contemporary Art Exhibition in Gunma, Japan. The Biennale invites artists from Japan and abroad to exhibit their works at around 40 different sites in Nakanojo, attracting over 400,000 visitors each year. Her work used more than 400 sheets of kitchen-produced bioplastic and gelatin glue. Persimmon tannin, traditionally used as paints, stains, and dyes in Japan, was used to create color gradation. The exhibition was open for a month, from September 9th to October 9th, 2023. You can learn more about Junko’s work on her website.
Follow Junko on Instagram.
posted November, 2023
Gandong Cai MLA ’17 Awarded First Prize of NE[O]ASIS Design Idea Challenge organized by Dubai EXPO
Gandong Cai MLA ’17 has won the first prize of the NE[O]ASIS Design Idea Challenge organized by Dubai EXPO, UN-Habitat, Ingenious Women Initiatives, and other academic institutes. After two rounds of judging, Cai and partner Mingjie Cai were selected out of 140 international teams to be the first prize winners, with their proposal PALM-OASIS: Reimagining A More-than-human Dubai Waterfront.
NE[O]ASIS is a design idea challenge directed towards combatting desertification through sustainable urban and architectural development. The challenge aims to contribute urban/architectural/landscape solutions for the self-resilience of climatically challenged regions in deserts and drylands and encourages participants to contribute with ingenious design ideas to new interpretations of traditional oasis systems. The challenge sites are set in locations across Australia, the Arabian Peninsula and Africa. A video detailing the project can be found here.
Follow on Instagram @donchoi0702
Follow on Facebook/Twitter Gandong Cai
For more information and photos please visit https://www.caigandong.com/
posted January, 2022
Architect Wendy W Fok DDes ’17 Recognized With City Artists Corps Grant From New York Foundation for The Arts and The New York City Department of Cultural Affairs
Wendy W Fok DDes ’17 is one of 500 New York City-based artists to receive $5,000 through the City Artist Corps Grants program, presented by The New York Foundation for the Arts and the New York City Department of Cultural Affairs, with support from the Mayor’s Office of Media and Entertainment as well as Queens Theatre. Fok was recognized for “Things Left Unsaid” and their research on “digitalSTRUCTURES”, which will bring the exhibition and talk-series to a physical exhibition at NEW Inc. incubator venue organized by the New Museum in New York, and at the Italian Pavilion in the Architecture Biennale in Venice, Italy. The two-city exhibition, along with the digital exhibition is to allow a larger network of creatives who could be reviewing the materials locally and internationally. Events will be from August 27, 2021, to November 21, 2021.
The two-part project will include the exhibition of the “Things Left Unsaid” talk-series, and digital objects of everyday objects that will be partnered with a marketplace digital auction, research published in a post-exhibition book within the larger research umbrella of digitalSTRUCTURES. All the pre-recorded (audio/visual) videos are processed and edited to 30-minute formats. They are available to the public on social media (see below) and virtually at the CityX Venice website and digitalSTRUCTURES.cc.
Instagram: @WendyWFok
Twitter: @W_W_F
posted September, 2021
Gandong Cai MLA ’17 to Exhibit at the Media Architecture Biennale 2020
Gandong Cai’s MLA ’17 post-pandemic public space renewal proposal “Big Apple, Small Plug-in” will be exhibited in the Media Architecture Biennale 2020 from June 28 to July 2. The proposal is the first prize award-winning scheme for the Pandemic Architecture International Competition, aiming to provide new social distancing guidance and DIY infrastructure for using the public space in New York City in the new normal period. Read more information here and here.
You can find Gandong Cai on Instagram at donchoi0702.
posted June, 2021
Yujia Wang MLA ’17 Named on Forbes China 30 Under 30 List
Yujia Wang MLA ’17, professor and founding principal of Yi-Chang Landscape and Planning, has recently been named on the Forbes China 30 Under 30 List, becoming the first landscape architect to be given such recognition. This year’s list includes young and outstanding individuals across China in 10 categories, with Yujia named in “Art, Fashion, Lifestyle, and Food.” Forbes publishes the 30 Under 30 List every year to recognize people under the age of 30 who have been impactful in their practice and have shown the potential to become leaders in their fields. The list includes entrepreneurs, executives, and professionals in the performing arts, sports, technology, and cultural circles. Prof. Wang and his firm, Yi-Chang Landscape and Planning have been making an impact in high-profile urban public spaces. The firm has designed and delivered several important linear parks, including a riverfront park and a greenline park in Dongguan, China, with a combined length of over 20 km. Besides being an academic and a practitioner, Wang serves on committees at the American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA), including his appointment on the Committee on Education, Climate Action Committee, and leadership on the International Professional Practice Networks. Recently he has been leading the effort on a national virtual lecturer database aimed at promoting connection and contribution between the professional and educational realms.
“I am honored to be named on the Forbes 30U30 List as the first landscape architect,” Said Wang in a previous interview, “It has been an amazing journey.” He credits his achievement on the decision to “embrace…risks.” He said that “Working with governments to envision and realize key city public space projects, and then witnessing the positive energy it injects into the city and the environment is just incredible.” He also emphasizes the importance of being able to contribute to larger disciplinary initiatives and represent communities. Wang recently traveled to Shanghai to attend the Forbes Conference and Award Ceremony.
Read the full press release in Chinese.
Follow Wang on Linkedin
posted March, 2021
Team of GSD Alumni Selected as Finalists in Urban Confluence Silicon Valley Design Competition
A team of Harvard Graduate School of Design alumni is selected as one of the three finalists in the Urban Confluence Silicon Valley Design Competition held by the San José Light Tower Corporation. The design team named CO-MILIEU includes Qinrong Liu MArch ’20, Ruize Li MArch ’20, Yuting Zhang MAUD ’17, Evelyn Cheng Zeng MArch ’18, Vincent Zishen Wen MLA ’19 and Qiaoqi Dai MLA ’19 along with a lighting design group led by Yutong Jiang MDes ’21 and Sijia Zhong MLA ’21. The goal of the competition is to build an innovative iconic world-class landmark for San Jose and Silicon Valley. With an inverted void tower and blurred pixelated matrix, the team’s proposal, “Nebula Tower,” envisions a soft, dynamic, and adaptive contemporary landmark that works as a nebula incubator for new artistic possibilities and celebrates Silicon Valley’s history of technology innovation. Through the medium of light, Nebula Tower recalls the collective memory of its home to build a bridge between past and future. Inspired by the diverse geographical characters along the bay area, the proposal reimagines the Arena Green as a common ground where the natural realm and urban fabric are enriched by their interaction to embrace the co-living of diversities and utilizes innovative adaptability that can secure a sustainable future for San Jose – culturally, environmentally, and economically.
More information about the “Nebula Tower” proposal and the upcoming public meetings of Urban Confluence Competition are available on the competition website.
posted March, 2021
Virtual Symposium Co-Organized by Katie MacDonald MArch ’16 Hosts Presentations from GSD Alumni
Projecting Fellows, a symposium which brings together fellows from American architecture schools to explore the emergent interests of a new generation of architects and academics, launches on Tuesday, January 5, 2021. Co-organized by Katie MacDonald MArch ‘16, the free, virtual, five-evening series ran on Tuesday evenings from January 5 to February 2, 2021 and included presentations by Zannah Matson MLA ‘15, Eduardo Mediero MArch ‘19, and Zahra Safaverdi MArch ’17. The events roster of moderators includes Sekou Cooke MArch ’14 and Felipe Correa MAUD ’03.
Videos of all of the symposium events can be viewed for free on demand from the Projecting Fellows website.
posted February, 2021
L. Renee Blount MLA ’17 Featured on Cover of Outside Magazine
L. Renee Blount MLA ’17 was interviewed by and featured on the cover of Outside Magazine this past fall. Since her graduation from the GSD, L has become a strategy consultant and photographer. L is well-known for her Instagram account, @ubranclimbr, where she shares photos and stories of her outdoor adventures and career.
She shares that Black joy is central to her work, saying, “My smile is very integral to who I am, and I want to share the things that make me smile in that way. There is so much negative imagery of people who look like me, and it can get really tiring and overwhelming to see our bodies portrayed that way. People need to see Black people being joyous. More importantly, we need to see ourselves being happy and joyfully reclaiming spaces.”
posted January, 2021
Hoffmann Architects Promotes Amanda L. Miller MDes ’17 To Project Architect
Amanda L. Miller MDes ’17, AIA has been promoted to Project Architect, in recognition of her increased responsibilities and professional experience at Hoffmann Architects. As the press release states, “She joined Hoffmann Architects in 2017 as Staff Architect and earned a promotion in 2018 to Senior Staff Architect. Her experience includes comprehensive design development and implementation for a variety of projects, including accessibility and hardscape rehabilitation at Columbia University and facade rehabilitation for Open Society Foundations at the Argonaut Building, a LEED Gold historic landmark built in 1909. While at Harvard, she co-organized Black in Design, a conference that recognizes the contributions of the African diaspora in the design fields.”
“In 2018, Miller was selected as one of ten emerging architectural professionals for the American Institute of Architects (AIA) New York Civic Leadership Program, a mentorship training initiative focused on engagement in the civic process. As part of a grassroots network of urbanists and designers, she co-organized the Spaces and Places gathering in Oakland, California in 2019 and is currently planning the 2020 gathering in Houston, Texas. She is also the incoming co-chair of AIA New York’s Diversity and Inclusion Committee. Miller’s publication credits include the Hoffmann Architects JOURNAL article, “Plaza Design for Longevity and Maintainability,” and articles in Facility Executive and forthcoming in Facility Management Journal. She lives in Astoria, New York.”
To read the full press release click here.
posted April, 2020
Interactive Map Developed by Yijia Chen MLA ’17 with Yujia Wang MLA ’17 and Qi Ou Visualizes COVID-19 Outbreak
An interactive map visualized by Yijia Chen MLA ’17, with contributions from Yujia Wang MLA ’17 and Qi Ou (University of Oxford), depicts COVID-19 cases in the United States at the county level. By hovering over an area, the viewer sees confirmed and newly added patient cases, population, and hospital location and capacity. The map was inspired by an earlier effort with Zhuoming Info Aid to document China’s COVID-19 county level situation in January.
Chen currently works as a landscape Architect with DumontJanks. Wang is an assistant professor of practice in the landscape architecture program at the University of Nebraska Lincoln.
posted March, 2020
Yujia Wang MLA ’17 Appointed to ASLA’s Committee for Two Year Term
Yujia Wang MLA ’17 has been appointed to ASLA’s Committee for two year term term through November 2021. Wang is excited to start this new role and looks forward to listen, to represent, and to promote a number of landscape education agendas on a strategic level with this honorable committee.
posted November, 2019
Yujia Wang MLA ’17 Appointed as an Assistant Professor of Practice at the University of Nebraska Lincoln
Yujia Wang MLA ’17 has recently been appointed as an Assistant Professor of Practice at the University of Nebraska – Lincoln.
In addition, there is also an exhibition upcoming at Bi-City Shenzhen Biennale of Urbanism\ Architecture (UABB) which is a highly influential design/art event in the whole of China, visited by hundreds of thousands in the three month period Nov.19 to Feb 20. The exhibition he is curating is entitled Portal: An Exploration of Mind-Body-Space in Digital Age. The exhibition set out to explore the relationship between human body and the physical reality, in the face of a growingly digitized world and the possibility of alternative (virtual) realities.
posted September, 2019
Project by Gandong Cai MLA ’17 Tackling Loneliness in Tokyo Wins First Place at Bubble Design Competitions
“From Eliminating to Elevating: Tokyo Loneliness Tree Hole Plan,” a proposal by Gandong Cai MLA ’17 and Mingjie Cai RISD MLA ’18, has won first place in the inaugural Bubble Design Competitions, an international design competition. The brief asked what designers can do to eliminate loneliness in society?
Cai’s project tackles loneliness in Tokyo, proposing three “Urban Tree Hole” typologies for the area of Shibuya. “In the space of Urban Tree Hole_01 visitor can enter a pop-up store where he can sit down and look at a street tree through the store window, and start a silent conversation with it. In Urban Tree Hole_02, the visitor will walk through the corridor between two skyscrapers in which the city view is blocked, but the sky is reflected by tilted mirrors on both sides of the corridor. Urban Tree Hole_03 is an underground space beneath the Shibuya Crossing which collects “invisible” Tokyo water through the run- off and utilizes the water to form a water feature for the visitor to immerse,” states the proposal.
“Elegant, intelligent, emotional and enjoyably sad. The storytelling, as the visualisations hit the target. A project that demands a wider audience and another chapter,” noted the jury.
Learn more. Read ArchDaily’s coverage.
Images provided.
posted June, 2019
Futuristic Central Park Proposal by Gandong Cai MLA ’17 Awarded Honorable Mention in LA+ Iconoclast Competition
A project by Gandong Cai MLA ’17 and Mingjie Cai RISD MLA ’18 is one of ten Honorable Mentions awarded in the international landscape concept competition LA+ Iconoclast. The competition drew 382 entrants from 30 countries. The winning projects will appear in the Fall 2019 issue of LA+ Journal.
The competition brief asked designers to reimagine Central Park, looking at questions of how we represent nature and how we think about public space today. Instead of asking the question “what would Olmsted do today,” Gandong and Mingjie Cai’s proposal asked “who can be the new Olmsted?” View their plan: The Gaians.
Images provided.
posted April, 2019
Ruth Chang MArch ‘17 Launches Midstory, Nonprofit ThinkHub in Toledo, Ohio
After graduating from the GSD, Ruth Chang MArch ’17 is now back in Toledo, Ohio—her hometown—to start a nonprofit invested in the cultural renewal of the Midwestern region. Midstory‘s mission is to inspire, attract, and retain young talent by telling the hidden stories and enacting thought projects and programming in the area. Together with two of her Princeton alumni classmates and one alumnus from MIT, Ruth and her colleagues are on the ground to re-imagine the future of postindustrial towns in the Midwest, beginning in Toledo, Ohio. Seventy-three percent of the internet publishing and media broadcasting jobs are to be found on the East and West Coasts, leaving many American cities that constitute “flyover country” largely voiceless in the recent political and cultural upheavals in the nation. Many of these cities need a new image inside out, and outside in, and Midstory is using ideas, multimedia, and design to help shape and change perception about Middle America.
Midstory has been busy planning for an exciting upcoming summer, from college internships to high school mentorship ThinkLab to a citywide gala that focuses on rallying the city’s nonprofits, small businesses, and individuals under one artistically-curated event at the city’s train station. If you are interested in the Midstory of these young people returning to their Midwestern home, or would like to share your advice, expertise, or resources, visit their website or reach out any time to Ruth at [email protected].
www.midstory.org
www.facebook.com/midstorytoledo
Image: View from Toledo’s Downtown Train Station (provided)
posted March, 2019
Project by Wendy W Fok DDes ’17 Featured at 2018 Venice Biennale
Research and design work led by Wendy W Fok DDes ’17, founder and creative director of WE-DESIGNS, LLC., is currently part of the collateral exhibitions at the 16th International Architecture Exhibition, as part of the 2018 Venice Biennale. The project, Bio Data x Matter, consists of design objects created through digital fabrication methods using bio-degradable materials and organic matter sourced from New York City. Each object is “carefully curated with active biomatter embedded with data that represents New York City, to critically provoke a dialogue between the microscopic biological and digital data embedded lives we live in,” according to the project brief.
“In the future of urban living, as citizens of global cities, and the circular economy, we often-overlook the sources of the micro-biotic and digitally data embedded lives we live in. The future of cities is now; and the people powering that future live and work in cities, bringing their energy and ideas to bear on the unique challenges and opportunities of urban life.”
Bio Data x Matter is on view at Palazzo Bembo in Venice, Italy, through November 25, 2018. A book on the project is in the works, with a tentative release date of summer 2019.
Image courtesy of WE-DESIGNS, LLC.
posted October, 2018
Wendy W Fok DDes ’17 Leads Design of Hong Kong Pavilion for London Design Biennale 2018
Wendy W Fok DDes ’17, founder and creative director of WE-DESIGNS, LLC., was the design lead for the Hong Kong Pavilion at this year’s London Design Biennale. Entitled “Sensorial Estates,” the exhibition explores the emotional link between smell and memory, looking at aroma’s ability to bring one back to a particular time and place. Through “scratch and sniff” wallpapers and and other scent experiences, visitors encounter smells famous to Hong Kong, such as egg tarts, opium and roast duck, alongside visual representations of the region. The theme of the 2018 Biennale was ‘Emotional States.’
“These distinctive smells and tactile shapes remain the most instinctual way I continuously experience and develop the nostalgia and memories of my Hong Kong identity, even from the other side of the world. And, I would like to use this installation to share that experience with the public,” says Fok.
“Sensorial Estates” was featured on BBC London.
View a demo of the room and check out the installation process.
posted October, 2018
Gandong Cai MLA ’17 Studio Project Shortlisted for WLA Student Award
Gandong Cai MLA ’17 fourth semester’s studio project was selected as one of the final four shortlisted projects in WLA student award and published in the WLA Award Magazine. Cai was one of seven students who selected to take part in Professor Martha Schwartz’s studio in the fourth semester which focused on shifting the global warming trend by rethinking the process of sequestration. The 2018 World Landscape Awards attracted entries from around the world and once again the quality of the entries was high and made it hard for the jury to score. The WLA Awards include five categories (Built – Large, Built – Small, Conceptual, Student and Editor’s Award).
As Cai says, “For the final site design, I chose the greenway park on the top of the Big Dig, and imagined it to be the new waterfront of Boston in 2060, based on the estimation of sea level rise. According to the data, the harbor area of the city will be entirely inundated underwater in the next 50 years, and the greenway park will become the new waterfront. Thus, the park needs to be transformed into a vital landscape infrastructure to project the city and people, and also serve as the new harbor to keep the logistics industry of the city.”
For more about his project click here
For a full list of winners click here
posted May, 2018
Yujia Wang MLA ’17 and Gandong Cai MLA ’17 Curate Exhibition for Shenzhen Design Week
A new exhibition curated by Yujia Wang MLA ’17 and Gandong Cai MLA ’17 is on view through April 30, 2018, at the Shenzhen Museum of Contemporary Art & Planning Exhibition (MOCAPE) as part of Shenzhen Design Week. Entitled “Urban Underspace,” the show is inspired in part by research completed during their time at the GSD, advised by Professor Niall Kirkwood.
Find more details, including the exhibition’s exact location, on the poster below.
posted April, 2018
Alumni Receive 2018 Graham Foundation Grants for Exhibitions, Publications, Research
Fifteen designers, artists, historians, and others from the GSD alumni community have been selected to receive 2018 Graham Foundation Grants. Announced on April 5, the Graham Foundation’s 2018 Grants to Individuals present $534,850 in new grants to support 74 projects by 111 individuals and collaborators who are “engaging original ideas that advance our understanding of the designed environment,” the Foundation writes.
Alumni projects include exhibitions, publications, and research. Among the winners are GSD faculty Zeina Koreitem MDes ’16 and John May MArch ’02, who received a grant for the exhibition “Under Present Conditions,” produced through their Los Angeles-based firm, MILLIØNS. (“Under Present Conditions” will be on view at the A+D Museum in Los Angeles from January 11 through April 26, 2019.)
The funded projects were selected from over 600 proposals and represent a diverse group of individuals and collectives, including architects, artists, choreographers, historians, and filmmakers who hail from around the world.
Other GSD alumni awardees include:
Eric Bunge MArch ’96
Mimi Hoang GSD ’98
Kenny Cupers PhD ’10
Rami El Samahy MArch ’00
Michael Kubo MArch ’06
Alexander Robinson MLA ’05
Neyran Turan DDes ’09
Bradley Cantrell MLA ’03
Marielsa Castro Vizcarra MDes ’17
Brian Goldstein PhD ’13
Ana Maria Leon Crespo MDes ’01
Sun-Young Park MArch ’08/PhD ’14
Sara Zewde MLA ’15
Read the full list of 2018 Graham Foundation Grants to Individuals via the Graham Foundation’s announcement.
Image: MILLIØNS (Zeina Koreitem & John May), Collectives II, 2016–. Courtesy of the artists.
posted April, 2018
Greg Hopkins MDes ’17 Awarded E2 Fellowship to Develop Online Cleantech Marketplace
Greg Hopkins, a 2017 graduate of the Master in Design Studies program with a concentration in Energy and Environments, has been named one of ten inaugural 1 Hotels Fellows at E2 (Environmental Entrepreneurs), an affiliate of the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC). The fellowship aims to provide early and mid-career entrepreneurs support to develop projects designed to advance smart environmental and clean energy issues across the United States. Along with a $25,000 award, winners receive membership to E2’s Emerging Leaders program, as well as access to benefits of an E2 membership.
Hopkins’ proposal for an online cleantech marketplace for small commercial buildings grew out of work he completed for his GSD thesis, “Energizing Retrofits in an Inefficient Market: A Scalable Model for Small Commercial Buildings.” As part of his thesis, Hopkins investigated market barriers that have historically made it difficult for small commercial buildings to adopt energy efficient upgrades. He also made suggestions for how to combat these limitations based on what has worked for other industries and new trends. Holly Samuelson MDes ’09, DDes ’13, assistant professor of architecture and area head for the Energy and Environments MDes concentration, served as his Faculty Advisor.
“I came to the GSD to study energy and environmental issues in buildings, and will always be grateful for the opportunity to develop a business idea for my master’s thesis that could help make the built environment smarter, more efficient, and lower carbon,” said Hopkins. “Now with support from the 1 Hotels Fellowship at E2 and the NRDC, I’m really excited to start bringing that idea to life.”
Hokins plans to pilot his online cleantech marketplace–a streamlined way to connect qualified service contractors and crowd-sourced investment capital with eligible energy efficiency and distributed solar projects–in Boulder, CO.
Photo courtesy of E2.
posted November, 2017
Work by Ten Recent GSD Alumni Published in Architectural Portfolio How-To from Margaret Fletcher MArch ’97
Portfolio work from ten recent GSD alumni–Devin Dobrowolski MLA ’16, See Jia Ho MArch ’15, Ahmed Hosny MDes ’15, Jia Joy Hu MLA ’17, Chase Jordan MArch ’17, Flavio Sciaraffia Marquez MLA ’15, Saurabh Mhatre MDes ’15, Fani Christina Papadopoulou MArch ’16, Alberto Embriz de Salvatierra MLA’17, and Michelle Shofet MLA ’16–has been published in the new book, Constructing the Persuasive Portfolio: The Only Primer You’ll Ever Need, by Margaret Fletcher MArch ’97. Their contributions were selected from over 10,000 pages of portfolios submitted by students for possible inclusion. Notably, Hu’s portfolio is included as a full case study and is featured in its entirety in the publication.
Constructing the Persuasive Portfolio is a step-by-step guide to learning the art of designing a compelling and effective architectural portfolio. It includes 400 portfolio examples from 55 designers representing 50 schools nationwide.
Fletcher currently serves as Associate Professor of Architecture at Auburn University’s School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape Architecture.
posted October, 2017
Esther Choi MDes ’08 and Marrikka Trotter MDes ’09, PhD ’17 Publish Book, “Architecture Is All Over”
Architecture Is All Over, a book co-edited by Esther Choi MDes ’08 and Marrikka Trotter MDes ’09, PhD ’17, will be released in September 2017 by Columbia Books on Architecture and the City. AIAO consists of an array of essays and design proposals from emerging and established scholars and practitioners.
Contributors include Matthew Allen MArch ‘10, PhD ‘20; K. Michael Hays, Eliot Noyes Professor of Architectural Theory, Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, and Interim Chair of the Department of Architecture at the GSD; Patty Heyda MArch ‘00; John J. May MArch ’02, Design Critic in Architecture, Co-Director of the Master in Design Studies Program Area Coordinator, History and Philosophy of Design MDes area group at the GSD; Pablo Pérez Ramos MLA ’12, DDes ‘17; Trevor Patt MArch ‘09; Jonathan Tate MDes ‘08; and Andrew Witt MDes ’02, MArch ’07, Assistant Professor in Practice in Architecture at the GSD.
The book is in many ways a follow up to the pair’s first volume, Architecture At the Edge of Everything Else, published by MIT Press in 2010. The project initially took the form of a student publication conceived during their time as graduate students at the GSD. Choi is currently a joint PhD candidate in the History and Theory of Architecture and the Interdisciplinary Doctoral Program in the Humanities at Princeton University. Trotter recently received her doctorate from Harvard, where she studied architecture, urbanism, and landscape.
More information can be found on the Columbia University Press website.
Image courtesy of Columbia University Press.
posted July, 2017
